Income Tax Calculator
See your income tax broken down bracket by bracket — federal and state, how much each rate band adds, your effective and marginal rates, and your income after tax.
A $80,000 single filer owes about $9,189 in federal income tax for 2026 — an effective rate of 11.5%, despite a 22.0% top bracket.
$9,189
Federal income tax on $80,000 (single, 2026)
11.5%
Effective income-tax rate on that income
22.0%
Marginal rate — the band your last dollar falls in
How income tax brackets really work
Graduated rates, the gap between effective and marginal, and adding state tax.
Brackets are stairs, not a cliff
Moving into a higher bracket only taxes the income above the threshold at the higher rate — the rest keeps its lower rates. The bracket breakdown shows exactly how much tax each band adds.
Effective is what you really pay
Your marginal rate sounds high, but it applies to your last dollars only. The effective rate — total income tax over your income — is the number that reflects your actual cost.
Federal plus state
Most US states add their own income tax. Pick your state to layer its top marginal rate on top of the federal calculation, or choose a no-tax state to see federal only.
How the Income Tax Calculator Works
Formula
taxableIncome = max(0, gross − standardDeduction)
For each bracket [lower, upper) at rate:
taxedInBand = max(0, min(taxableIncome, upper) − lower)
taxInBand = taxedInBand × rate
federalTax = Σ taxInBand
stateTax = gross × state rate
totalIncomeTax = federalTax + stateTax
effectiveRate = totalIncomeTax ÷ grossChoose your country
US (federal + state brackets) or UK (HMRC bands).
Enter gross income
Total annual income before tax.
Set filing status
Single or married — selects US brackets and deduction.
Pick your state
Adds the state's top marginal income tax rate (US).
Review the breakdown
See tax per bracket, plus effective and marginal rates.
Each bracket taxes only the slice of income that falls within it, so the per-band breakdown adds up exactly to your federal income tax. State tax here uses the top marginal rate as a simple estimate; your state return may apply its own brackets and deductions. Payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare) are intentionally excluded so the bracket detail stays clear.
Figures use the 2026 statutory tables — US IRS brackets and standard deduction, and UK HMRC bands with the tapered personal allowance. They are estimates for planning, not tax advice or a filed return.
Frequently Asked Questions
Related Calculators
See the full burden, your take-home, and what you keep after tax.